How Alcohol Makes You Drunk: The Science Behind the Buzz

🥂 Science of the Buzz

Why Does Alcohol Make You Drunk?

We love a good night out as much as anyone. But what’s actually happening in your body when that first drink turns into a buzz… and then into drunk? Let’s take a fun, quick tour of the science — Toast! style.

⏱️ 3–4 min read
🧠 Backed by biology

Step One: Meet Ethanol 🍹

When we talk about “alcohol,” we really mean ethanol — the type of alcohol in your wine, beer, and cocktails. That’s what actually makes you feel drunk.

Here’s what happens after a drink:

  1. You sip. Ethanol gets absorbed through your stomach and small intestine.
  2. It hits your bloodstream. Ethanol is water-soluble, so it travels pretty easily through your body.
  3. It reaches your brain. This is where the “I’m feeling it” moment starts.

The Buzz Trio: Your Brain on Alcohol 🧠

Dopamine • Glutamate • GABA

Alcohol changes how your brain cells talk to each other by messing with a few key neurotransmitters — your brain’s chemical messengers.

Dopamine

This is your “feel-good” chemical. Alcohol boosts dopamine, which can lift your mood, make you feel more social, and give you that “I’m ready to hit the dancefloor” energy.

Glutamate

Glutamate keeps your reflexes sharp and your thinking quick. Alcohol slows glutamate down, which is why your reactions get slower and why driving after drinking is so dangerous.

GABA

😴

GABA is your brain’s chill-out signal. Alcohol cranks GABA up, which makes you feel calm, loose, and eventually sleepy (or straight-up ready to Irish exit).

When “Fun” Crosses the Line ⚠️

The more you drink, the more these effects stack up. That combo of more dopamine + more GABA + less glutamate can eventually push your brain from “I’m buzzed” into “I’m in trouble.”

Alcohol poisoning: in extreme cases, the brain becomes so suppressed that the automatic signals telling your lungs to breathe and your heart to beat can slow way down or stop.
Choking risk: if you vomit but your reflexes are badly slowed, your gag reflex may not kick in — which means you can choke on your own vomit.

That’s why it’s so important to know your limits, look out for your friends, and treat alcohol like what it is: a drug your brain has to work hard to handle.

We Did the Science So You Can Do the Fun 🎉

At Toast!, we’re obsessed with how alcohol affects your body — not to kill the vibe, but to help you support your body's response to alcohol.

So next time you’re heading out, remember to Toast! Before You Drink.

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